Mining-machine.



f. CABTLIDGE. MINING MACHINE.

F. CARTLIDGE.

MINING MACHINE.

I/I//TA/ESSES BY l y TTH/I/EY F. CRTLIDGE. M|N|NG MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 21. 1913. Lwlm. Patented Feb. 29,19%.

5 SHEETSSHEET 4.

F. CARTLIDGE.

MINING MACHINE.

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APPLICATION FILED OCT 21,1913

.V1L9".Z.

FRANK CARTLIDGE, 0F TERRE HAUTE, INDIANA.

f 'aerien MINING-MACHINE. l

To all whom z't may concern Be it known that L FRANK. CARTLIDGE, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Terre Haute, in the county ofVigo and State of indiana, have invented a new and usefulMining-Machine, of which the following is a specification.

class of mining machinery wherein cutter blades are carried by apower-driven endless chain and the chain as a whole is movable.transversely to feed the cutter blades into the material bein mined.

The objects of my invention are to provide an effective meansforcontrollingthe feeding or' a mining machine; to provide means forvarying the angle between the cutter chain and the body of the machineto suit varying conditions; to provide for disconnecting the cutterchain from its operating mechanism; as when it lis desired to operatethe feeding mechanism rapidly to set the machine independently of theopera tion of the cutter chain. a l

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention. 4

In these drawings Figure 1 is a plan View of a mining machine embodyinga form of my invention wherein the same power operating mechanism drivesthe cutter chain and produces the feeding;Fig. 2 is a longitudinalvertical section, slightly reduced, through the machine shown in- Fig.v1; Fig. 3 is an enlarged section on the ,line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 isa side elevation, partly in cross section of that part of the machinewhich is shown. in Fig. 3, illustrating the brakemechanism; Fig. 5 is adetail showing the means for disconnecting the cutter chain from itsoperating mechanism; Fig. 6 is a detail showing the bearing for thecutter chain sprocketbeing a section taken on the line 6-6of Fig. l;Fig. 7 is a section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 2; Fig. 8 is a plan view,with some parts broken away, showing a machine embodying another form ofmy invention, wherein separate power operating devices are used fordriving the cutter chain and for producing the feeding; Fig. 9 is anenlarged longitudinal vertical section through the machine shown in Fig.8; Fig. 10 is a section on the line 10-10 of Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is adiagram indicating the operation in the materiai being mined of the formof machine shown in Fig. 8; Fig. 12 is an electrical diagram showing thecon- Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 29, 1216.

Application filed 0ctobe'r21, 1913. Serial No. 796,410.

nections for the form of machine shown in Fig. 1; and Fig. 13 is anelectrical diagram showing the connections for theform of machine shownin Fig. 8.

`Within the main body 15 ofthe machinef of the form shown in Figs. 1 tol is mounted the single electric motor' 16, which, as My inventionrelates particularly to that illustrated in Fig. 12, lis convenientlyprovided with cumulatively compound field windings. One end of the motorshaft 17 projects beyond the main body 15 into a. casing TLS-adjustableto different angles to the main body 15 about the aXisof the shaft 17,such adjustment conveniently being obtained by a screw19 and the twoparts 15 and 18 being clamped in `adjusted ,position by bolts 2Qextending through slots in the casing member 18- into the main body 15,as shown in Fig. 7. The end of the shaft 17 projecting into lthe casingmember 18 carries a. bevel pinion 21 which normally meshes with a bevelgear 22 mounted on a substantially vertical shaft 23 to rotate therewithbut being slidable axially, saidy shaft 23 being suitably journaled inthe casing member 18. Conveniently, the bevel gear 22 forms part of asleeve 24 splined on the shaft 23 and provided at its upper end with ajcollar-25 with the under side of which ycoperates anv eccentric 26operable by a suitable handle 27, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. By' turningthe handle 27 the eccentric 26 lifts the collar 25 and the bevel gear 22to disengage the latter from the pinion 21, as when it ,is desired tooperatev the motor`16 without operating the shaft 23 or when it isdesired to turn the shaft 25 by hand without operating the motor. Inorder to prevent accidental disengagement ofthe pinion 21 and gear 22,the sleeve 24 is normally held in ,its lower position by a U-shapedwasher 28 pivoted at y29 and movable either into or out of engaging`position with the upper end of thesleeve 24. This washer must be movedout of'engagement with the sleeve 24 before the handle 27 can be turnedto disengage the gear 22 from the pinion 21.

Pivoted on theax-is of the shaft 23 is a cutter chain frame 30, whichmay be swung to various positions in relation to the casing 18 andfastened in such position by'bolts eX- tending through holes 31 in suchcasing. Usually three positions for the frame 30 are suiiicient,` one inline with and two at right angles to the main body 15. The lower end ofthe shaft 23 carries driving sprocket 32 for the cutter chain 33, whichis provided with the usual cutters 33. The cutter chain 33 passes overboth the driving sprocket 32 and a sprocket 34 at the outer end of theframe 30. The sprocket 34 is subjected to great wear because it mustwithstand the pressure against the cutter chain 33 at the outer end ofthe frame 30, and also because its bearing surface is limited by thenarrow space in which the frame 30 and the parts carried thereby mustoperate. Therefore there 4is provided. a special bearing for thissprocket 34, as shown best in Fig; 6. A cup-shaped bearing 35 is,clamped between the upper and lower plates 36 and 37 forming the outerend of the frame 30, suoli cup bearing 35 being open upward. The cupbearing 35 rests in an oil cup 38. which is eccentric to the bearing 35and the edges of .which project upward into an annular groove 39 in the.under side of the sprocket 34, the hub of the sprocket 34 extending fromthe under side of the plate 36 to the upper side of the bottom of thecup 38. A bushing may be provided, if desired, be-Y tween the hub of thesprocket 34 and the surface of the bearing 35. Dowel pins 40 extendthrough the bottom of the cup 38 and into both the plate 37 and the cupbearing 35, and the parts are fastened together by a bolt 41 and nuts 42and 43 thereon, the nut 42 being entirely within the cup bearing 35 andthe nut 43 projecting into the upper end of such bearing and forming asupport 'therefor and also having a tapered fit in the plate 36 to clampthe latter and the plate 37 together. By reason of the eccentricityofthe oil cup 38, the permissible wear of the sprocket 34 and its cupbearing 35 before a new sprocket or bearing is required is greatlyincreased, as such eccentricity allows the sprocket and bearing to wearaway and be forced inwardly by the pressure on the cutter chain to agreater extent before the sprocket begins to bear against the sides ofthe oil cup 38.

' The opposite end of the .motor shaft 17 from that on which the bevelpinion 21 is mounted carries a pinion 50 which meshes with a gear 51,the latter being rotatable with a worm 52 which meshes with a worin gear53, and. the worm gear 53 being rotatable with a pinion 54 which mesheswith a gear 55 co-axial with and rotatable rela tively to a shaft 57.Beside the gear 55 are located two gears 58 and 59, xed respectively onthe shaft 57 and on a sleeve 60 rotatable on the shaft 57. The gears 5859 are of dierent size and mesh respectively with sets of co-axialplanet gears 61 and 62 carried by the gear 55, the planet gears 61 and62 also being of diderent size tocorrespond with the gears 58 and 59.ylhe parte 55 to 62 are all located within an oil-containing casing 56.The sleeve 60 has fixed thereon a brake drum 63, with which coperates abrake band 64 operatively connected to a pivoted brake lever 65connected to the core 66 of an electromagnet having a main winding 67and an opposing winding 68. The opposing winding 68 is connected inseries with the-armature of the motor 16, so that its strength varieswith the load on such motor, while the main winding 67 is ofsubstantially constant strength, as by being connected across the supplyleads 69 and 7 O'from which the current is derived, as shown in Fig.12.` The shaft 57 at the end carrying the sleeve 60 has fixed thereon aplate 71 `which is normally rotatable rela tively to the brake drum 63but may be fastened thereto to prevent relative rotation between them bymeans of bolts 72 extending through holesY in the plate 714 and throughan annular slot in the side face of the brake drum 63. The other end ofthe shaft 57 has fixed thereon a pinion 73 which meshes with an internalgear 74 on a wind ing drum 75 over which extends a cable 76 by means ofwhich the feeding is accomplished. A,

In operation, the cable 76 is extending from the drum 75 around suchpulleys 78 carried by the main body 15 as may be necessary for producingthe desired movement of the machine by windingup the cable on the drum75., the free end of the cable 76 being attached to a suitablestationary point toward which it is desired to pull the machine; thoughin practice this feeding is accomplished by extending the cable directlyfrom the drum 75 between the two pulleys 78 nearest it so as to obtain adirect pull except during the preliminary setting of the machine. Thisis illustrated in Figs. 1 and 11. A shoe 79 may be pro videdfor ridingagainst the face of the material being mined, such shoe convenientlybeing made to fit interchangeably on either side of the machineaccording to the side of the machine presented to the face of thematerial being mined. The cable 76 may also be used for Aturning thecutter frame 30 around its pivotal axis on the shaft' 23, by extendingthe cable over the proper pulleys 78 and attachingit to a suitable pointon the cutter frame. DuringV the preliminary setting of the machine andits parts, the

bevel gear 22 vis conveniently disengaged from the pinion 21, and thenuts on the bolts 72 are tightened to prevent movement between thesleeve 60 and the shaft 57; wherev upon the operation of the motor 16drives the shaft 57 at the saine rate of speed as it drives the gear 55.To prevent interference by the brake band 64 with this rapid movenient,a switch 80 may be provided as shown in Fig. l2. which switch when inthe position shown connects the main winding 67 .of

the brake magnet in circuit but when in the other position opens thecircuit for such main winding and short-circuits the diiferentialwinding 68, thus rendering the brake magnet inoperative. After themachine and its various parts have been set in the desired position tobegin cutting, the end of the cable 76 is connected to the desired fixed-point to produce'the desired feeding, the gear l22, is allowed to meshwith the pinion 21, the nuts on the bolts 72 are loosened to permitfreedom of` rotation between the sleeve 60 and the shaft 57, and theswitch 80 is moved to its-normal position as shown in F ig. 12. Thelength of the machine is such in this form ofmy invention that the shoe79 and the reaction on the cutter blades 33 of the material being minedprevents skewing ofthe machine, so that a guiding cable such as used inthat form of my invention described lhereinafter is not ordinarilynecessary in this form of my invention. After the machine is set asdescribed, the device is put into operation by closing the circuit ofthe motor 16, which now drives both the cutter chain 33 and the maingear b 55 of the planet gearing to operate the machine as illustrateddiagrammatically in Fig. 11. The movement of the winding drum 7 5 nowdepends on the load put on the motor 16 by the cutters 33. When suchload is light, the armature current of the motor 16 is small, so thatthedemagnetizing effect of the winding. 68 is weak .and the brake magnetis strongly effective to hold the brake band 64 against the brake drum63- to retard or completely preventrotation of the sleeve 60 and gear59. The movement of the gear 55 causes the planet gears 61 and 62 toreact between the gears 58 and 59, and of the retardation or stoppage ofthe gear 59 this reaction produces a circumferential advance of the gear58 and a consequentl driv- .ing of the Winding drum 75 to wind up thecable-76 and draw the machine forward in.

the desired direction. As the machine travelsforward the load. increaseson the cutters 33 and the motor 16` and in con the gear 58 to decreaseor even to stop com' pletely, thus diminishing or stopping the windingaction of the drum 75, thus causing the load on the motor 16 todecrease. ne this load thus decreases, the strength of the brake magnetis increased, the rotation of the gear 59 is in consequence diminishedAor stopped, and the rotation of the winding drum 7 5 `is resumed orincreased to increase the load on the motor 16. By this arrangement thefeeding of the machine is made to `vary in inverse sense to the load onthe cutting mechanism, and such load is maintained constant withinpredetermined limits.

1n the form of my invention shown in Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 13, the windingdrum 75 is operated by a motor 85 separate from the main motor 16 whichdrives the cutting chain. 1n this form, shaft 23 is driven from theshaft 17 of a motor 16 by a bevel pinion 21 meshing with a bevel gear 22mounted on the shaft 23 to rotate theretical shaft 88. The hub of thegear 87 carries a sleeve 89 provided with anoutward iange at its lowerend, an'd on the sleeve 89 and between thisflange and the web of thegear 87 is rotatably mounted the driving sprocket 32 of the cutter chain33, this sprocket being connectible to the gear 87 y means of a pin 90which can be dropped through a suitable hole inthe web of the gear 87against the web of the sprocket 32 so as to be engaged by a bridge 91carried thereby. A sleeve 98 is rotatably mounted on the shaft 23 and isprovided with a bevel gear 99 which meshes with a bevel pinion 100 onthe shaft of the feed motor 85. The sleeve 98 carries a worm 101 meshingwith a worm gear 102 which is rotatable with a pinion 103 meshing withthe main gear 55 of a planet gearing very similar to that used inconnection with the form of invention irst described. This gear 55 isfixed on and forms part of the planet gear casing 56 rotatably mountedon the shaft 57', and within this planet gear casing are mounted twounequal gears 58 and 59 carried respectively by the shaft 57 and by asleeve .60 rotatably mounted on such shaft. The

planet gear easing 56 and the gear 55 project downward into an oil cup10a, so as to maintain fthe parts constantly lubricated. Because of thevery limited space available for this gearing,` this oil cup v104projects within the gear 87, the latter being concave on its upper sideto permit this. lhis allows the great compactness absolutely essential"in machines of this character. rThe shaft 57 carries a pinion 73 meshingwith an internal gear 74 onthe winding drum 75. A sliding clutch member105 is splined on the sleeve 60 and is provided with two clutch faces,which coperate with clutch faces on the end of the planet gear casing 56and on a vstationary member 106 respectively. The clutch member 105 ismovable by an operating handle 107 into engagement. either with theplanet gear casing 56 or the stationary member 106, or to a neutral ytached thereto.

position out of engagement with both. When the clutch member 105 isinengagement with the planet gear casing 56, the relative movement isprevented between the sleeve 60', the planet gear casing 5G', and theshaft 57', so that operation of the feed motor 85 drives the shaft 57'at the same speed as it does the gear This rapid movement of the shaft57 is used for preliminary setting of the machine. For hand setting, theend of the shaft 17 may be made square, to permit a cranking lever to beat- VVhen the clutch member 105 is in its neutral position, theoperation of the motorf85 produces no movement of the shaft 57 becausethe sleeve 00 is left free tol move and there is nothing for the planetgears to react against as they must in order to produce rotation of theshaft 57. When the clutch member 105 is in engagement with thestationary member 10G, vthe sleeve 60' is held stationary, so thatoperation of the feed motor 85 causes theplanet gears to react betweenthe gears 58 and 59 and rotatevthe former to produce rotation of theshaft 57. In order to makethis rotation of the shaft 57', and theconsequent rotation of the drum vary in inverse sense as the load on thecutting mechanism, the motor 85 is provided with a shunt Winding 108,and also with a winding 109 in series with the armature of the mainmotor 16', as-

shown in Fig. 13. These two windings are cumulative. As the load on themain motor 16 increases, there is'an increase in the current flowingthrough the winding109, and in consequence an increase in'the fieldstrength of the feed motor 85. 'Because of this increase in fieldstrength, the motor 85 is retarded and the feeding operation` is therebycaused to take place at a decreased speed,- thus decreasing the load onthe mainV motor 16. As the load on the main motor 16 decreases, there isa resultant decrease in strength in the winding 109 and a resultantdecrease in the field strength of the feed motor 85, thus causing thefeed motor to increase in speed to increase the rate of feeding. Thus inthis form also the rate of feeding is varied automatically in inversesense as the load on the cutting mechanism, and such load is maintainedconstant within predetermined limits. 1n this latter form of machine 1conveniently provide a separate guiding cable 110, which passes over adrum 111 provided with a hand-controlled brake band 112 whereby theunwinding of the drum 111 may be controlled. rThis is clearlyillustrated in the full line position of Fig. 11, which shows the normalcutting operation. The dotted line position of Fig. 11 illustrates thefeeding of the machine into the face of the material to be mined,preliminary to the normal cutting operation. During this preliminaryfeeding or setting, it is not ordinarily necessary to use the guidingcable 110, the main cable 76y being passed around such of the pulleys 78as may be necessary to produce the desired movement of the machine intothe face of the material being mined.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a mining machine, the combination of feeding mechanism, a moto-r,a gearing through which said motor' and said feeding mechanism areconnected, said gearing including a planetary gear ,embodying two gearsof diiferent size interconnected leyV planet gears, and releasable meansforholding one vof said two gears of different size stationary.

2. In a mining machine, the combination ofy feeding mechanism, a motor,a lgearing through whichv said motor and said feeding mechanism areconnected, said ygearing including a planetary. gear `embodying twogears of different size interconnected by planet gears, and means forholding one of said two gears` of different size stationary.

3. In a mining machine, the combination of feeding mechanism, a motor, agearing through which said motor and said feeding mechanism areconnected, said gearing 1ncluding a planetary gear embodying two gearsof different size interconnected by planet gears, and releasable meansfor holding one of said two gears of dierent size stationary and forlocking said two gears of different size together.

1n witness whereof, 1 have hereunto set my hand at Indianapolis,lndiana, this 8th day of October, A. D. one thousand nine hundred andthirteen.

FRANK CARTLDGE.

Witnesses FRANK A.. Fai-inn, G. B. SCHLEY.

